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This page shows questions in the Math Geometry 2024 public release module at MSDE. Geometry
"Math Geometry 2024"

Select from the list to explore. Read any associated passages and then interact with the questions here.

This is a multiple choice question that allows you to select only one option.

The equation shown represents a circle in the xy-plane.

(x+4)2+(y3)2=36

Which statement includes the correct center and the correct radius for this circle?

i3

Correcti1

opposite signs on coordinatesi2

opposite signs on coordinates and forgot square root of radiusi4

forget square root of radius.

This is a drag and drop question that allows you to select text and place it in an appropriate answer space.

Given: Parallelogram PQRS with the measure of angle P equals 90 degrees

Prove: Parallelogram PQRS is a rectangle.

The figure shows parallelogram P Q R S.

An incomplete proof is shown in the table.

Select the correct reasons to complete the proof.

Drag and drop a reason into each box.

Definition of a right angle Subtraction Property of Equality Opposite angles of a parallelogram are congruent. Consecutive angles of a parallelogram are supplementary.
Step Statement Reason
1 Parallelogram PQRS with the measure of angle P equals 90 degrees Given
2 angle P and angle Q are supplementary.
3 the measure of angle P plus the measure of angle Q, equals 180 degrees Definition of supplementary angles
4 90 degrees plus the measure of angle Q, equals 180 degrees Substitution
5 the measure of angle Q equals 90 degrees
6 angle P is congruent to angle R and angle Q is congruent to angle S
7 the measure of angle P equals the measure of angle R and the measure of angle Q equals the measure of angle S Congruent angles have the same measure.
8 the measure of angle R equals the measure of angle S, which equals 90 degrees Substitution
9 angle P, angle Q, angle R, and angle S are right angles.
10 PQRS is a rectangle. Definition of a rectangle

This is a multiple choice question that allows you to select several options.

In the figure, angle K is congruent to angle R.

The figure shows right triangle J K L and right triangle Q R S. The two triangles appear to be similar such that segment J K corresponds to segment Q R, segment K L corresponds to segment R S, and segment L J corresponds to segment S Q,. Angle J and angle Q are right angles.

Which angles have a cosine that is equal to sin(L)?

Select all that apply.

This is a question with 3 parts, including a question with drop-down menus from which you must select an option to fill in the blank.

In the xy-plane, triangle R S T is first reflected across the x-axis, then reflected across the y-axis, and finally rotated 180° about the origin to obtain the image ΔR'S'T'.

Complete each sentence with the best description of the relationship between ΔRST and ΔR'S'T'.

Select from the drop-down menus to correctly complete the statements.

The length of each side of ΔR'S'T' is    the length of the corresponding side of ΔRST.
The area of ΔR'S'T' is    the area of ΔRST.
The location of each vertex of ΔR'S'T'    the same as the location of the corresponding vertex of ΔRST.

This is a drag and drop question that allows you to select text and place it in an appropriate answer space.

An incomplete proof is shown.

The figure shows triangle P Q R, and triangle J K L. The two triangles appear to be similar, such that segment J K corresponds to segment P Q, segment K L corresponds to segment Q R, and segment L J corresponds to segment R P,. In triangle P Q R, segment Q R has a length of 7, and segment R P has a length of 5,. In triangle J K L, segment L J has a length of 2.

Given: Angle P is congruent to angle J, angle Q is congruent to angle K

Prove: segment K L equals 2.8

The incomplete proof is shown in the table.

Drag and drop a reason into each box to complete the proof.

AA similarity SAS similarity Corresponding sides of similar triangles are proportional. The measures of corresponding angles of similar triangles are equal.
Step Statement Reason
1 angle P is congruent to angle J, angle Q is congruent to angle K, P R equals 5, Q R equals 7, and J L equals 2. Given
2 triangle P Q R is similar to triangle J K L
3 KLQR=JLPR
4 KL7=25 Substitution
5 KL=145=2.8 Multiplication property of equality

This is a fill in the blank question that allows you to enter only numbers.

In the figure shown, segment Q P is congruent to segment Q R.

The figure shows a line segment and two rays. The endpoints of the line segment are labeled, Q and P, and a ray extends from each point. The rays intersect at a point R so that triangle P Q R is formed. Angle P Q R is labeled, x degrees. The angle opposite P R Q, formed by the intersection of the two rays outside the triangle, is labeled, 70 degrees.

What is the value of x?

Enter your answer in the space provided.

x=

This is a multiple choice question that allows you to select only one option.

This is a multiple choice question that allows you to select several options.

Starting with PQ¯ (not shown) a square will be constructed using a compass and straightedge so that PQ¯ is one of its sides.

Which other constructions must be completed during the construction of the square?

Select all that apply.

This is a question with 2 parts, including a fill in the blank question that allows you to enter only numbers.

In the following figure, triangle D E F is mapped onto triangle A B C by a dilation with center N .

The figure pre sents triangles A B C, and D E F, with triangle A B C, larger, and to the left, of triangle D E F. Sides A C, and D F, are horizontal. There is a point labeled N, to the right of both triangles. There are 3 dashed lines originating from point N, to vertices A, B, and see. Of the 3 dashed lines, one runs from N, to vertex A, passing through vertex D, one runs from N, to vertex B, passing through vertex E, and the third dashed line runs from N, to vertex see, passing through vertex F.

If EN=16 and BN=20 , what is the scale factor of the dilation?

Enter your answer as a fraction in the spaces provided.

fraction bar

This is a question with 2 parts, including a drag and drop question that allows you to select objects and place them in an appropriate answer space.

The square pyramid shown in the following figure will be sliced by a plane.

The figure shows a square pyramid.

Determine whether each of the following two-dimensional shapes is a possible cross-section formed when the pyramid is sliced by the plane.

Move each two-dimensional shape into the correct side of the table.

This is a multiple choice question that allows you to select only one option.

Given: triangle X Y Z with point Y on line k, and line k is parallel to segment X Z.

The figure shows triangle X Y Z, and line k. Line k passes through point Y, and is parallel to segment X Z,. Angles 1, 2, and 3 are labeled where segments X Y, and Y Z, intersect with line k, such that angle X Y Z is labeled, 2, and angles 1 and 3 are outside the triangle, to the left and right, respectively.

Which statement will most likely be used to prove that the measure of angle X, plus the measure of angle X Y Z, plus the measure of angle Z, equals 180 degrees?

i1

Key (Alternate interior angles) i2

Not necessarily true so it would not be used in a proof i3

Not necessarily true so it would not be used in a proof i4

Not true since

This is a fill in the blank question that allows you to enter only numbers.

Triangle ABC is shown in the following xy ‑plane with A. with coordinates 2 comma 3 B with coordinates 20 comma 11, and C with coordinates 16 comma 3.

The figure presents triangle A B See, in the x y plane. The numbers 0, through 22, in increments of 2, are indicated on the x axis. The numbers 0, through 16, in increments of 2, are indicated on the y axis. Vertex A has coordinates 2, comma 3, vertex B has coordinates, 20, comma, 11, and vertex C has coordinates 16, comma, 3. End figure description.

What is the area, in square units, of triangle A B C?

Enter your answer in the space provided.

square units

This is a multiple choice question that allows you to select only one option.

Given: lines k and n intersect to form angles 1,2,3, and 4.

The figure shows intersecting lines k, and n. Line k extends upward and to the right, and line n is horizontal. The angles formed at the intersection of the two lines are labeled, clockwise, from upper left, 1, 2, 3, and 4.

Prove: angle 2 is congruent to angle 4

An incomplete proof is shown.

Step Statement Reason
1 Lines k and n intersect to form angles 1,2,3, and 4. Given
2 Angles 1 and 2 form a linear pair. Angles 1 and 4 form a linear pair. Definition of a linear pair
3 Angles 1 and 2 are supplementary. Angles 1 and 4 are supplementary. Angles that form a linear pair are supplementary.
4 the measure of angle 1 plus the measure of angle 2, equals 180 degrees; the measure of angle 1 plus the measure of angle 4, equals 180 degrees. The sum of the measures of the angles is 180°.
5 the measure of angle 1 plus the measure of angle 2, equals the measure of angle 1 plus the measure of angle 4 Transitive Property
6 the measure of angle 2 equals the measure of angle 4 ?
7 angle 2 is congruent to angle 4 Angles that have the same measure are congruent.

Which reason for step 6 correctly completes the proof?

i3

Correct i1

Misunderstood the reason i2

Misunderstood the reason i4

Misunderstood the reason

This is a multiple choice question that allows you to select only one option.

Line in the xy-plane passes through the point (4,5) and is perpendicular to the line with the equation y=12x+5 .

What is the y -intercept of line ?

Select one answer.

This is a question with 2 parts, including a fill in the blank question that allows you to enter only numbers.

In right ΔXYZ, the length of the hypotenuse YZ¯ is 85 inches and tanZ=34.

What are the lengths, in inches, of the legs XY¯ and XZ¯?

Enter your answers in the spaces provided.

XY= inches

XZ= inches

This is a fill in the blank question that allows you to enter only numbers.

A can is in the shape of a right circular cylinder with an inner diameter of 7.5 centimeters and an inner height of 12.5 centimeters. The can is placed on its circular base, and 440 milliliters of juice is poured into the can.

Given that 1 milliliter is equivalent to 1 cubic centimeter, what is the height of the juice in the can to the nearest tenth of a centimeter?

Enter your answer in the space provided.

cm

This is a question with 2 parts, including a test question that allows you to enter extended text in your response.

The coordinates of the vertices of quadrilateral PQRS are shown in the xy-plane.

The figure shows quadrilateral P Q R S, in the x y plane, with the origin labeled, O. The numbers 1, through 10, are indicated on both axes. The coordinates of the vertices are as follows,.Point P: 4 comma 10,.  Point Q: 10 comma 7,.  Point R: 6 comma 4,.  Point S: 4 comma 5.

Part A

Prove that quadrilateral PQRS is a trapezoid.

Enter your answer and your work or explanation in the space provided. You may also use the drawing tool to help explain or support your answer.

Part B

Determine whether quadrilateral PQRS is an isosceles trapezoid. Show your work or explain your answer.

Enter your answer and your work or explanation in the space provided. You may also use the drawing tool to help explain or support your answer.

Drawing Box

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Holistic Rubric for 4-Point Reasoning Constructed Response Items

Sample Top Score Response

Part A

Calculating the slopes:

The slope of side P Q : 10 − 7 4 − 10 = 3 − 6 = − 1 2

The slope of side R S : 5 − 4 4 − 6 = 1 − 2

The slope of side P S : 10 − 5 4 − 4 = 5 0 which is undefined

The slope of side Q R : 7 − 4 10 − 6 = 3 4

P Q R S is a trapezoid because sides P Q and R S are parallel and sides P S and Q R are not parallel.

Part B

Calculating the side lengths:

P S = ( 10 − 5 ) 2 + ( 4 − 4 ) 2 = 5

Q R = ( 7 − 4 ) 2 + ( 10 − 6 ) 2 = 5

Since the side lengths are equal, P Q R S is an isosceles trapezoid.

Scoring

Points

Sample Characteristics

4 Points

A four-point response for reasoning items provides evidence of correct, complete, and appropriate mathematical reasoning.

The response may:

  • be clear and well developed with logical reasoning communicated by the use of precise and appropriate representations, symbols, drawings, or mathematical vocabulary.
  • demonstrate a thorough understanding of the mathematics.
  • contain minor flaws that do not detract from the correct reasoning or demonstration of a thorough understanding.

3 Points

A three-point response for reasoning items provides evidence of essentially correct, essentially complete, and essentially appropriate mathematical reasoning.

The response may:

  • be clear and developed with logical reasoning communicated by the use of essentially precise and appropriate representations, symbols, drawings, or mathematical vocabulary.
  • contain minor flaws that detract from the correct reasoning or demonstration of a thorough understanding.

2 Points

A two-point response for reasoning items provides evidence of partially correct mathematical reasoning.

The response may:

  • display an incomplete reasoning process.
  • contain mathematical flaws.

1 Point

A one-point response for reasoning items provides limited evidence of correct mathematical reasoning.

The response may:

  • demonstrate the beginning of a valid chain of reasoning.
  • reflect a lack of essential understanding of the underlying mathematical concepts.
  • contain the correct solution, but work is limited or missing.
  • contain errors in the fundamental mathematical procedures or reasoning.
  • contain omissions or irregularities that lead to an inadequate solution.

0 Point

A zero-point response is completely incorrect, incoherent or irrelevant.

This is a multiple choice question that allows you to select only one option.

A bird flew from a point on the ground directly to the edge of the roof of a building. The height of the building is 40 feet, and the angle of elevation the bird’s flight path made with the ground is 26°.

Which expression models the total distance, in feet, the bird flew?

i2

Correcti1

Used cosine instead of sinei3

Used cosine instead of sine and incorrectly solved the equationi4

Incorrectly solved the equation

This is a multiple choice question that allows you to select only one option.

A cone has a base radius of 3 centimeters and a height of 5 centimeters. A student correctly calculates its volume to be 15π cubic centimeters.

The figure shows a cone. The radius of the base is labeled 3 centimeters, and the height is labeled 5 centimeters.

The student thinks that a simpler formula for the volume of a cone is V=πrh because π(3)(5)=15π.

Which statement explains the conditions for which the student’s claim would be true?

i2

Correcti1

The formula does not always work.i3

The revised formula is not affected by the height.i4

The revised formula would still work if the height was 6 and therefore the product would be 18.

This is a fill in the blank question that allows you to enter only numbers.

In the following figure, a sector of a circle has a central angle of 80 degrees The area of the circle is 9π square units.

The figure shows a circle with a sector of the circle indicated. The sector has a central angle of 80 degrees. End figure description.

If the sector has an area of kπ square units, what is the value of k?

Enter your answer in the space provided.

k=

This is a multiple choice question that allows you to select only one option.

A company is designing a soup can that is in the shape of a right circular cylinder. The height of the can will be 3 times the radius of the can. The volume of the can will be 350 cubic centimeters.

Which measurement, in centimeters, is closest to the radius of the soup can?

i2

Correcti1

Assumed the radius is 3 times the height and calculated the heighti3

Assumed the radius is 3 times the heighti4

Calculated the height instead of the radius

This is a multiple choice question that allows you to select only one option.

In the figure shown, point M is the midpoint of segment R S.

The figure shows right triangle Q R S, and point M,.  Angle S is a right angle, and angle R is labeled, 60 degrees,. The length of segment Q, R, is labeled, 48,.  Point M lies at the midpoint of segment R S.

Which value best represents the length of segment R M?

i4

Correcti1

Finds the length of the longer leg of a 30-60-90 right triangle.i2

Finds the length of segment RS i3

Finds half the length of the longer leg of a 30-60-90 right triangle.

This is a test question that allows you to enter extended text in your response.

Using a three-dimensional printer, an artist will produce several models of hemispheres. The material used to make each model is 1 centimeter thick, as shown in the diagram.

The figure shows a model of a hollow hemisphere. The radius is labeled x, and the thickness of the material is labeled 1 centimeter.

The artist will fill each model with colored paint to its maximum capacity. The colored paint costs $0.01 per cubic centimeter.

Write an expression that represents the cost, in dollars, of the colored paint needed to fill any model based on x, the outer radius, in centimeters, of the model.

Enter your expression in the space provided. Enter only your expression.

This is a test question that allows you to enter extended text in your response.

Right triangle XYZ is shown in the xy-plane. Vertex X has coordinates (2,3). The length of segment X Y is 2 units, and the length of segment X Z is 6 units.

The figure shows right triangle X Y Z, in the x y plane, with the origin labeled, O,. Vertex X has coordinates, 2, comma, 3. Vertex Y is above vertex X, and vertex Z is to the right of vertex X, such that angle Y X Z, is a right angle. The length of segment X Y, is 2 units, and the length of segment X Z, is 6 units.

A student’s work for finding the slope of the perpendicular bisector of segment Y Z is shown.

The slope of segment Y Z is 2 sixths, or 1 third. The opposite of the reciprocal of 1 third is negative 3. So, the perpendicular bisector of segment Y Z has a slope of negative 3.
  • Describe the student’s mistake.
  • Find the equation of the line that represents the perpendicular bisector of segment Y Z. Show your work or explain how you found the equation.

Enter your answer and your work or explanation in the space provided. You may also use the drawing tool to help explain or support your answer.

Drawing Box

There is no alt-text. (38 files were searched.)

Holistic Rubric for 4-Point Reasoning Constructed Response Items

Sample Top Score Response

The student’s mistake was using a slope of 1 3 instead of - 1 3 since side Y Z points down and to the right.

The opposite of the reciprocal of - 1 3 is 3 .

The perpendicular bisector of side Y Z passes through the midpoint of side Y Z . The coordinates of the midpoint are x = 2 + 6 2 = 5 y = 3 + 2 2 = 4 .

The equation of the perpendicular bisector is x − 4 = 3 ( x − 5 ) y = 3 x − 15 + 4 y = 3 x − 11 .

Scoring

Points

Sample Characteristics

4 Points

A four-point response for reasoning items provides evidence of correct, complete, and appropriate mathematical reasoning.

The response may:

  • be clear and well developed with logical reasoning communicated by the use of precise and appropriate representations, symbols, drawings, or mathematical vocabulary.
  • demonstrate a thorough understanding of the mathematics.
  • contain minor flaws that do not detract from the correct reasoning or demonstration of a thorough understanding.

3 Points

A three-point response for reasoning items provides evidence of essentially correct, essentially complete, and essentially appropriate mathematical reasoning.

The response may:

  • be clear and developed with logical reasoning communicated by the use of essentially precise and appropriate representations, symbols, drawings, or mathematical vocabulary.
  • contain minor flaws that detract from the correct reasoning or demonstration of a thorough understanding.

2 Points

A two-point response for reasoning items provides evidence of partially correct mathematical reasoning.

The response may:

  • display an incomplete reasoning process.
  • contain mathematical flaws.

1 Point

A one-point response for reasoning items provides limited evidence of correct mathematical reasoning.

The response may:

  • demonstrate the beginning of a valid chain of reasoning.
  • reflect a lack of essential understanding of the underlying mathematical concepts.
  • contain the correct solution, but work is limited or missing.
  • contain errors in the fundamental mathematical procedures or reasoning.
  • contain omissions or irregularities that lead to an inadequate solution.

0 Point

A zero-point response is completely incorrect, incoherent or irrelevant.

This is a multiple choice question that allows you to select several options.

A student claims that any quadrilateral with two right angles must be a rectangle.

Which figures can be used to show the student is incorrect?

Select all that apply.

  1. A.
  2. B.
  3. C.
  4. D.
  5. E.

This is a test question that allows you to enter extended text in your response.

A student is standing next to a vertical flagpole. The top of the student’s shadow coincides with the top of the flagpole’s shadow as shown.

The figure shows a diagram of the sun, a flagpole, a student, and the shadows of the flagpole and student. The flagpole is at the center of the diagram with the student standing to the left of the flagpole and the sun above and to the right of the flagpole. Shadows are drawn to the left of the flagpole and the student such that the top of the students shadow coincides with the top of the flagpoles shadow. A line is drawn from the sun downward and to the left to the point on the ground where the tops of the students and flagpoles shadows lie. The top of the students head and the top of the flagpole both lie on the line. A note states that the diagram is not drawn to scale.

The student is 62 inches tall. The student estimates that the distance from the flagpole to the point where the student is standing is between 21 and 22 feet. The student also estimates that the length of the student’s shadow is between 7 and 712 feet.

Based on the given information, what are the least and greatest possible heights, in feet, of the flagpole? Explain how you arrived at your answers.

Enter your answers and explanations in the space provided. You may also use the drawing tool to help explain or support your answer.

Drawing Box

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Holistic Rubric for 4-Point Modeling Constructed Response Items

Sample Top Score Response

The least height for the flagpole will be when the shadow is longest ( 7.5 feet or 90 inches) and the distance between Isabella and the flag is shortest ( 21 feet or 252 inches). The following proportion can be solved to arrive at the least height of the flagpole, in inches.

6290=x90+25262(342)=90x

x=235.6 inches or 19.63 feet.

The greatest height for the flagpole will be when the shadow is shortest ( 7 feet of 84 inches) and the distance between Isabella and the flag is longest ( 22 feet or 264 inches). The following proportion can be solved to arrive at the greatest height of the flagpole, in inches.

6284=x84+26462(348)=84x

x=256.9 inches or 21.4 feet.

Points

Sample Characteristics

4 Points

A four-point response provides full and complete evidence of the modeling process used to solve a real-world problem.

The response may:

  • identify the problem that needs to be solved.
  • determine information that is needed to solve the problem.
  • communicate an accurate, organized solution path that is aligned to the problem using appropriate, effective, and essentially precise representations.
  • contain minor flaws that do not detract from correct modeling or demonstration of a thorough understanding.
  • evaluate or validate a partial or complete solution and show how to improve or refine the solution.

3 Points

A three-point response provides evidence of the modeling process used to solve a real-world problem.

The response may:

  • identify most of the problem that needs to be solved.
  • determine most of the information that is needed to solve the problem.
  • communicate an accurate, organized solution path that is aligned to the problem using appropriate, effective, and precise representations with minor flaws.
  • evaluate or validate a partial or complete solution and show how to improve or refine the solution, but the improvement or refinement may include minor flaws.

2 Points

A two-point response provides partial evidence of the modeling process used to solve a real-world problem.

The response may:

  • partially identify the problem that needs to be solved.
  • determine some of the information that is needed to solve the problem.
  • include a partial solution path that may be incomplete.
  • contain some errors in identifying the mathematics that is needed to solve the problem.
  • evaluate or validate a partial or complete solution and attempt to improve or refine the solution.

1 Point

A one-point response provides limited evidence of the modeling process used to solve a real-world problem.

The response may:

  • partially or incorrectly identify the problem that needs to be solved.
  • determine a minimal amount of the information that is needed to solve the problem.
  • include an incomplete or unorganized solution path.
  • contain errors in identifying the mathematics that is needed to solve the problem.
  • contain the correct solution, but work is limited or missing.
  • evaluate or validate a partial or complete solution but does not show how to improve or refine the solution.

0 Point

A zero-point response is completely incorrect, incoherent or irrelevant.

This is a fill in the blank question that allows you to enter only numbers.

A 30-inch chord in a circle is 8 inches from the center of the circle, as shown in the following figure.

The figure presents a circle. A chord, labeled 30 inches, is drawn in the circle. A perpendicular line segment, labeled 8 inches, is drawn from the center of the circle to the chord. End figure description.

What is the length, in inches, of the radius of the circle?

Enter your answer in the space provided.

inches

This is a multiple choice question that allows you to select only one option.

The following figure shows a circle that has center O, diameters line segment P S and line segment R T, and chords line segment P Q and line segment Q R.

The figure presents a circle with center, O. From the bottom of the circle, and moving clockwise, points P, Q, R, S, and T are indicated. Line segments P S, and R T, are diameters, and line segments, P Q, and Q R, are chords. End figure description.

If the measure of arc R S equals 74 degrees and the measure of arc S T equals 106 degrees, what is the measure of angle P Q R?

Select one answer.

This is test content.

The vertices of rectangle PQRS are graphed in the xy-plane with coordinates of vertex P at negative 3 comma negative 2, vertex Q at negative 3 comma 3, vertex R at 4 comma 3, and vertex S at 4 comma negative 2

The rectangle PQRS is reflected across the y-axis and rotated 90° counterclockwise about the origin to form rectangle P prime Q prime R prime S prime.

Plot the location of point P prime.

This is a multiple choice question that allows you to select several options.

Five points are shown on a number line.

The figure shows five points, plotted at uneven intervals on a number line. No numbering is indicated on the number line. The points are labeled P, Q, R, S, and T, from left to right.

Information about some of the lengths of different segments is given.

  • The length of line segment P Q is 5 units.
  • The length of line segment R S is equal to the length of line segment P R.
  • The length of line segment S T is 3 times the length of line segment Q R.
  • The length of line segment P T is 25 units.

Which statements are correct?

Select all that apply.

i1

Correct i2

Correct i5

Correct i3

Incorrectly calculated Q R to be 7 i4

Incorrectly calculated Q R to be 2

This is a question with 2 parts, including a test question that allows you to enter extended text in your response.

Mahari will dig a hole in which to plant a new tree. The root ball of the tree has a diameter of 18 inches and will be placed in the hole, as shown in the following figure.

The figure presents a diagram of a tree with its root ball in the shape of a sphere with a diameter of 18 inches. The root ball is just below the ground.

Part A

The hole needs to be twice as wide as the diameter of the root ball and deep enough for the entire root ball to fit inside. After placing the tree in the hole, Mahari will fill the rest of the hole with soil.

Approximate the amount of soil, in cubic feet, that Mahari needs to fill the hole. Show how you arrived at your answer.

Enter your answer and work in the space provided. You may also use the drawing tool to help explain or support your answer.

Part B

After filling the hole with soil, Mahari will place mulch within a circle around the tree. The diameter of the circle is the diameter of the hole. The diameter of the base of the tree trunk is 6 inches.

What is the area, in square feet, that the mulch will cover? Show how you arrived at your answer.

Enter your answer and your work in the space provided. You may also use the drawing tool to help explain or support your answer.

Drawing Box

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NOTE for ETS Editorial:

There is an error in the rubric that was corrected in the paper and online Practice Test keys. The measurement at the end of the third sentence should be "cubic inches" instead of "inches". This rubric will be updated after the Spring 2022 Practice Test is no longer available.

Holistic Rubric for 4-Point Modeling Constructed Response Items

Sample Top Score Response

Part A

The hole must have a diameter that measures approximately 36 inches and a height that measures approximately 18 inches. Thus the volume of the hole is approximately V = π ( 36 2 ) 2 ( 18 ) = 5 ,832 π cubic inches. The root ball has an approximate volume of V = 4 3 π ( 18 2 ) 3 = 972 π cubic inches. So approximately (5,832−972)π≈15,268 cubic inches of soil will be needed. Since 12 inches =1 foot, 1728 cubic inches =1 cubic foot, and 15,268 cubic inches =15,2681728 cubic feet ≈8.8 cubic feet.

Part B

The part that will be covered by mulch has the form of a circle of radius 18 inches. And the area occupied by the tree trunk has radius of 3 inches. So the total area to be covered by mulch is ( 18 2 − 3 2 ) π ≈ 989.6 square inches. Since 12 inches =1 foot, 144 square inches =1 square foot, and 989.6 square inches =989.6144 square feet ≈6.9 square feet.

Scoring

Points

Sample Characteristics

4 Points

A four-point response provides full and complete evidence of the modeling process used to solve a real-world problem.

The response may:

  • identify the problem that needs to be solved.
  • determine information that is needed to solve the problem.
  • communicate an accurate, organized solution path that is aligned to the problem using appropriate, effective, and essentially precise representations.
  • contain minor flaws that do not detract from correct modeling or demonstration of a thorough understanding.
  • evaluate or validate a partial or complete solution and show how to improve or refine the solution.

3 Points

A three-point response provides evidence of the modeling process used to solve a real-world problem.

The response may:

  • identify most of the problem that needs to be solved.
  • determine most of the information that is needed to solve the problem.
  • communicate an accurate, organized solution path that is aligned to the problem using appropriate, effective, and precise representations with minor flaws.
  • evaluate or validate a partial or complete solution and show how to improve or refine the solution, but the improvement or refinement may include minor flaws.

2 Points

A two-point response provides partial evidence of the modeling process used to solve a real-world problem.

The response may:

  • partially identify the problem that needs to be solved.
  • determine some of the information that is needed to solve the problem.
  • include a partial solution path that may be incomplete.
  • contain some errors in identifying the mathematics that is needed to solve the problem.
  • evaluate or validate a partial or complete solution and attempt to improve or refine the solution.

1 Point

A one-point response provides limited evidence of the modeling process used to solve a real-world problem.

The response may:

  • partially or incorrectly identify the problem that needs to be solved.
  • determine a minimal amount of the information that is needed to solve the problem.
  • include an incomplete or unorganized solution path.
  • contain errors in identifying the mathematics that is needed to solve the problem.
  • contain the correct solution, but work is limited or missing.
  • evaluate or validate a partial or complete solution but does not show how to improve or refine the solution.

0 Point

A zero-point response is completely incorrect, incoherent or irrelevant.

This is a question with 2 parts, including a question with drop-down menus from which you must select an option to fill in the blank.

In triangle K L M and triangle X Y Z shown, segment K L is congruent to segment X Y and angle L is congruent to angle Y.

The figure shows triangle K L M, and triangle X Y Z,.  A single hash mark is shown on segment K L, and segment X Y,.  A single arc is shown at angle L, and angle Y.

What additional information is needed to prove that triangle K L M is congruent to triangle X Y Z?

Select from the drop-down menus to correctly complete each statement.

If segment L M is congruent to segment Y Z, then triangle K L M is congruent to triangle X Y Z by the    postulate.
If angle M is congruent to angle Z, then triangle K L M is congruent to triangle X Y Z by the    postulate.

This is a matching question that allows you to match elements from one list with those on another list.

A farmer wants to build a garden using fence. A total of 60 feet of fence will be used to enclose the garden. The farmer calculates that the area of the garden will be 225 square feet if a square-shaped garden is built using the fence. The farmer also considers building the garden in different shapes to increase the area enclosed by the fence.

Determine how building the garden in different shapes affects the area of the garden.

Select the box to compare the area of the gardens. Select only one box per row.

Shape of the garden Less than 225 square feet Equal to 225 square feet Greater than 225 square feet
Equilateral triangle
Rectangle with dimensions 18 feet by 12 feet

This is a question with 3 parts, including a question with drop-down menus from which you must select an option to fill in the blank.

The following proof is incomplete.

The figure shows triangle J K L, where segment J L is horizontal, and vertex K is above segment J L,.  A point P, lies on segment J K, and a point Q, lies on segment K L,. Horizontal line segment P Q is drawn, forming a triangle P K Q.

Given: segment P Q is parallel to segment J L

Prove: the fraction with a numerator of J P and a denominator P K equals the fraction with a numerator of L Q and a denominator of Q K

Step Statement Reason
1 segment P Q is parallel to segment J L Given
2 angle K P Q is congruent to angle K J L, angle K Q P is congruent to angle K L J ?
3 triangle P K Q is similar to triangle J K L AA criterion
4 the fraction with a numerator of J K and a denominator of P K equals the fraction with a numerator of L K and a denominator of Q K ?
5 JP+PKPK=LQ+QKQK Segment addition postulate
6 JPPK+PKPK=LQQK+QKQK Distributive property
7 JPPK=LQQK Addition property of equality

Which reasons for Step 2 and Step 4 complete the proof?

Select from the drop-down menus to complete the proof.

Step 2: When two parallel lines are cut by a transversal,    angles are congruent.
Step 4: Corresponding sides of    triangles are    .

This is a matching question that allows you to match elements from one list with those on another list.

In the figure, the measure of angle K plus the measure of angle Q equals 90 degrees.

The figure shows right triangle J K L, and right triangle S R Q. In triangle J K L, angle J is a right angle. Segment J K has a length of 20, and segment J L has a length of 21. In triangle S R Q, angle S is a right angle.

Describe each of the trigonometric ratios in the table.

Select the boxes to identify the equivalent trigonometric ratios. Select only one box per row.

Trigonometric ratio Equivalent to sin(L) Equivalent to cos(L)
sin(Q)
cos(Q)
sin(R)